The Development of Agricultural Laminating Machine
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The Development of Agricultural Laminating Machine

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The Development of Agricultural Laminating Machine


Abstract

As a kind of efficient agricultural machinery, agricultural laminating machine plays an important role in improving agricultural production efficiency, improving crop growing environment, reducing soil water evaporation and controlling weeds. This paper reviews the development history of agricultural laminating machine, analyzes its technical progress, structural evolution and application trend, in order to provide a reference for the innovative design of agricultural machinery and the modernization of agricultural production.


1. Introduction

With the development of agricultural modernization, the wide application of agricultural machinery has greatly improved the efficiency of agricultural production. Film mulching technology is an important technology for saving water and increasing production in modern agriculture. By covering soil surface with film, it can effectively prevent water loss, raise soil temperature, and inhibit weed growth. Agricultural laminating machine, as the key equipment to achieve laminating operation, has undergone continuous technological update and development since its birth. This paper will review the development of agricultural laminating machine, and summarize its application in agricultural production and future development trend.


2. Development stage of agricultural laminating machine

2.1 Primary stage: manual laminating technology

Before the 1950s, farmland laminating was mostly manual operation, which was inefficient and labor-intensive. At this stage, the technology of agricultural laminating machine is still not mature, and the equipment structure is simple, which can only complete the basic film covering, mainly by manually stretching the film and pressing the soil. The limitation of manual film coating makes it difficult to be applied on a large scale, and it is difficult to meet the needs of large areas of farmland.


2.2 The initial stage of mechanization: The emergence of mechanical laminating machines (1960s)

In the 1960s, with the development of industrial technology, the first generation of mechanical laminating machines came out. The laminating machine of this period was mainly pulled by a tractor, and the film was spread, laid and covered by a mechanical device. The basic structure of this laminating machine includes a film rolling mechanism, a soil pressing mechanism and a film cutting device, which can reduce the labor intensity to a certain extent and realize a small range of automatic laminating. The emergence of mechanized laminating machine has promoted the development of agricultural laminating technology.


2.3 Technology improvement stage: automation, precision laminating technology (1980s to early 21st century)

In the 1980s, with the progress of science and technology and the growth of agricultural demand, agricultural laminating machine gradually realized the upgrade of automation and precision. The new generation of laminating machine began to be equipped with efficient film laying and pressing devices, which can automatically adjust the film laying speed and width to meet the needs of different farmland. At this stage, the laminating machine is more complex in structure, and it is equipped with automatic tensioning, cutting and covering devices to achieve high precision and high efficiency. In addition, some laminating machines have added multifunctional modules with seeding and fertilization functions, so that the laminating machine can complete multiple agricultural operations at the same time in a single operation, further improving production efficiency.


2.4 Intelligent Stage: The promotion of precision Agriculture (21st century to the present)

In the 21st century, with the development of information technology, sensing technology and intelligent control technology, agricultural laminating machine has gradually entered the intelligent stage. Modern intelligent laminating machine is widely used in GPS positioning system, Internet of Things and remote control technology, which can achieve remote operation and monitoring. In the process of operation, the intelligent laminating machine can adjust the thickness and position of the film according to the soil moisture, temperature and other parameters collected by the sensor to achieve accurate film covering. In addition, the modern intelligent laminating machine also has the function of data collection and analysis, which can feed back the soil condition, crop growth and other information to farmers in real time, providing data support for agricultural decision-making. The application of intelligent laminating machine effectively improves resource utilization and saves labor costs, and is an important means to achieve precision agriculture.      

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3. Structure and function evolution of agricultural laminating machine

With the development of technology, the structure of agricultural laminating machine is constantly optimized, and its function is increasingly perfect. The structural design of laminating machines at different stages of development has its own characteristics, mainly reflected in the film rolling system, film pressing system, cutting system and other additional functions:


Rolling film system: The rolling film system of the early laminating machine is relatively simple and mainly relies on manual operation. With the introduction of automation technology, the film rolling system of modern laminating machines can automatically adjust the tension of the film to avoid uneven film stretching.


Film compression systems: Film compression systems have undergone technological upgrades from simple roller compression to the use of pneumatic and hydraulic systems. The current film pressing system can adjust the pressure according to the soil condition and film material to achieve a firm fit.


Cutting system: The cutting system has developed from the early manual cutting to automatic cutting, and the modern cutting system combines laser positioning, electronic control and other technologies to ensure the accuracy and uniformity of the film cutting.


Additional functions: In order to improve working efficiency, the laminating machine also adds a multi-functional module, including seeding, fertilization, spraying, etc., so that one device can complete a variety of tasks. The application of additional functions makes the laminating machine have higher practical value in agricultural production.


4. Application status and development trend of agricultural laminating machine

4.1 Application Status

In modern agriculture, agricultural laminating machine has become one of the indispensable equipment, widely used in the cultivation of various crops. Especially in arid and semi-arid areas, film mulching technology can effectively conserve soil moisture and increase temperature, so that crops can obtain higher yields under adverse climatic conditions. At present, China, the United States, Europe and other countries and regions have been widely used agricultural laminating machine, and its application scale is expanding year by year.


4.2 Development Trend

The technical development of modern agricultural laminating machine shows the trend of automation, intelligence and green environmental protection. The future agricultural laminating machine will be more concise and modular in structural design to adapt to the needs of different farmland; In terms of technology, with the in-depth application of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technology, agricultural laminating machines will develop in a higher intelligent direction to achieve more accurate soil data acquisition, real-time analysis and automatic adjustment. In addition, the introduction of green materials is also one of the future development trends. At present, most agricultural films are non-degradable materials, which have a great burden on the environment. Future laminating machines will use more degradable films to reduce environmental pollution and promote the development of sustainable agriculture.


5. Conclusion

The development of agricultural laminating machine is the epitome of the continuous progress of agricultural machinery technology. From the early manual laminating to the modern intelligent and precise operation, the laminating machine is constantly adapting to the actual needs of agricultural production. In the future, with the popularization of precision agriculture and sustainable agriculture concepts, technological innovation of agricultural laminating machines will pay more attention to intelligence and environmental protection. By improving operational efficiency and optimizing the soil environment, agricultural laminating machines will play a more important role in ensuring global food security and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

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