Views: 1 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-10-17 Origin: Site
Abstract
As an important part of agricultural mechanization, the power rake of agricultural machinery plays a key role in modern agriculture. This article will explore the evolution of the power rake, from its early days as a manual farming tool to today's intelligent agricultural equipment, showing its evolution in terms of technology and applications. With the continuous advancement of agricultural automation and precision agriculture, the design of power harrow gradually tends to be efficient, energy saving and environmental protection. This paper will also discuss the future technical development direction of power harrow, especially in the intelligent control and new energy applications.
keyword
Agricultural machinery, power harrow, agricultural mechanization, intelligent agriculture, new energy
Introduction
The popularization of agricultural mechanization is one of the important symbols of the development of modern agriculture. As the basic link of agricultural production, farming has a direct impact on crop yield and quality. As an efficient soil tillage tool, power harrow greatly liberates the labor force and improves the tillage efficiency. The development of power harrows has gradually evolved from the initial simple manual harrows to today's intelligent and automated machinery and equipment, reflecting the profound changes in agricultural mechanization. In this paper, the history, present situation and future prospect of the three aspects of the development of agricultural mechanical power harrow system.
The historical evolution of power harrow
1. The origin of manual harrows
Harrows date back to the early days of agricultural civilization. The first harrows were made of wood or stone and were mainly used to loosen and break up the soil before sowing. These early tools relied on human or animal power, worked inefficiently, and had a limited range of cultivation. However, as one of the earliest farm tools, manual harrows provide essential tool support for the basic treatment of soil.
2. Application of animal harrows
With the advancement of agricultural technology, humans began to use animal power to drive farming tools. The emergence of animal harrows marked the improvement of agricultural production efficiency. It relies on the power of animals to drag the wooden or metal rake teeth to loosen the soil and break the soil operation, which significantly improves the depth and efficiency of farming compared with manual harrows. At this stage, farmers can cultivate a larger area of land, which promotes the growth of agricultural output.
3. Birth of mechanical power harrow
After the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, agricultural mechanization entered a stage of rapid development. The invention of steam engine and internal combustion engine provided a new power source for farm tools, and the mechanized power rake came into being. The earliest power harrows were used in conjunction with tractors, and the tractors provided mechanical power to drive the harrows for farming. This power rake can complete a large area of farming tasks in a short time, significantly improving agricultural production efficiency.
Development of modern power harrow
1. The popularity of rotary harrows and disk harrows
One of the core features of modern agricultural mechanization is the multi-function and high efficiency of power harrow. In the mid-20th century, rotary harrows and disk harrows gradually became the main tools in agricultural production. Rotary tiller through the rotary blade high-speed operation, to achieve soil loosening, breaking and leveling operation, suitable for a variety of soil conditions. The disc harrow uses multiple disc-shaped blades for deeper soil tilling and mixing operations. Modern power harrow not only improves the tillage efficiency, but also greatly improves the soil structure and provides a better growing environment for crops.
2. Refinement and diversification of power harrows
With the increasing demand of soil treatment precision in agricultural production, the design of power harrow tends to be refined. Fine tillage tools such as spring-tooth harrow and soil breaking harrow are widely used in land finishing and fine breaking operation. Different types of power harrows are classified and designed according to soil conditions and crop needs to meet the needs of various farming environments. For example, when planting cash crops such as vegetables and fruit trees, farmers can choose to use light or small power harrows to avoid excessive damage to the soil.
3. Intelligence and automation trends
Since the 21st century, the development of agricultural automation and intelligent technology has further promoted the innovation of power harrows. Modern intelligent power harrows are equipped with sensors, GPS navigation systems and automatic control devices, which can adjust tillage parameters in real time according to soil conditions and operation requirements, improving operation accuracy and efficiency. For example, through precision farming technology, power harrows enable differentiated treatment of different areas in the same field, improving soil utilization and reducing energy consumption.
Technological innovation and challenge of power harrow
1. High efficiency and energy saving design
Modern agriculture has increasingly higher requirements for energy efficiency of machinery and equipment. In order to adapt to this demand, the power rake is gradually developing in the direction of high efficiency and energy saving in design. On the one hand, by optimizing the structure and materials of the harrows, the resistance in the farming process is reduced and the energy efficiency is improved. On the other hand, many power harrows employ hybrid or electric technology, reducing reliance on traditional fuels and lowering the carbon footprint of agricultural production.
2. Combination of intelligent control and precision agriculture
The rise of precision agriculture provides a new opportunity for the intelligent control of power harrows. Combined with GPS, GIS (Geographic Information System) and soil sensors, intelligent power harrows enable accurate location and operational planning of the working area. For example, in the cultivation process, the power rake can automatically adjust the tillage depth and speed according to the soil hardness, humidity and other parameters, so as to achieve the best treatment of the soil. This intelligent farming method not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces excessive disturbance to the soil, helping to maintain soil sustainability.
3. Environmental protection and sustainable development
With the enhancement of global environmental protection awareness, the environmental protection design of agricultural machinery has become an important trend. The research and development and promotion of new energy power harrows provide technical support for the greening of agricultural machinery. For example, the application of electric power harrows and solar power harrows not only reduces the consumption of fossil energy, but also reduces the emission pollution in agricultural production. In addition, the design of power harrows also focuses on reducing soil compaction and erosion and protecting the soil ecosystem.
Future development direction of power harrow
1. Automation and unmanned
The future development of power harrows will move towards full automation and unmanned direction. With the advancement of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and big data technology, autonomous tractors and unmanned power rake systems will gradually be put into application. These systems can automate the entire process from tilling, sowing and harvesting without human intervention, significantly reducing labor costs and improving operational efficiency.
2. The role of sustainable agriculture
In the future, power harrows will play an even more important role in sustainable agriculture. By optimizing soil treatment and reducing the negative impact of agricultural production on the environment, power harrows will contribute to the greening and sustainable development of agriculture. Combined with sustainable agricultural concepts such as biodiversity conservation and soil remediation, power harrows can reduce soil degradation and enhance soil nutrient cycling through precise operation.
3. Multi-functional and modular design
In order to adapt to different agricultural needs, the future power harrows will be developed in the direction of multi-function and modularity. By replacing different working parts, power harrows can be flexibly applied to different crop growing and tillage stages. For example, the power rake can be transformed from a preliminary ploughing tool to a fine soil breaking tool by replacing the rake teeth, rotating blades and other components to meet the needs of diverse agricultural production.
conclusion
The development course of agricultural machine power harrow shows the change and progress of agricultural mechanization. From early manual harrows to modern intelligent and automated equipment, the evolution of power harrows has not only improved agricultural production efficiency, but also contributed to the improvement of soil quality and environmental protection. Looking forward to the future, with the deepening of the concept of agricultural intelligence, environmental protection and sustainable development, the power rake will play a more important role in agricultural production. Through technological innovation, power harrow will further promote the efficient, accurate and green development of agriculture, and provide strong support for the sustainability of global agriculture.
reference
Li Hai, Trends and Development Directions of modern agricultural Mechanization, Agricultural Engineering, 2021.
Wang Ming, Application and Prospect of agricultural power rake technology, Agricultural Equipment Science and Technology, 2020.
Zhang Wei, Technology research of intelligent power harrow, Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022.